Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) --- AHRQ is the health services research arm of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. AHRQ specializes in the following major areas:

--Quality improvement and patient safety;
--Outcomes and effectiveness of care;
--Clinical practice and technology assessment;
--Health care organization and delivery systems;
--Primary care (including preventive services); and
--Health care costs and sources of payment.

ARB ---ARBs (angiotensin receptor blockers) are medicines used to treat heart attacks, heart failure, or a decreased function of the heart.

Benchmark --- something that serves as a standard by which others may be measured or judged.

Beta Blocker --- a type of medicine used to lower blood pressure, treat chest pain (angina) and heart failure, and that prevent a heart attack.

The Carolinas Center for Medical Excellence (CCME) --- A non-profit health care quality improvement organization (QIO) based in Columbia, South Carolina. CCME works with hospitals to assure that cost-effective, quality health care based on extensive knowledge and experience in the areas of quality improvement, data analysis, and cost containment.

CABG (Coronary Artery Bypass Graft) --- Also called a bypass procedure or open heart surgery. The surgeon takes a piece of vein from another part of the body and attaches this to bypass a blocked artery.

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) --- CMS is a Federal agency within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Programs for which CMS is responsible include Medicare, Medicaid, State Childrens Health Insurance Program (SCHIP), Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, and Clinical Laboratory Improvements Act.

Evidence-based health care --- Evidence-based medicine tries to address the question…what is the evidence we have to justify the treatments used in clinical practice? Clinical trials and other types of research aim to provide evidence (“proof”) whether a particular treatment works, how well it works compared to other treatments, and what are the risks of the treatment.

HIPAA --- HIPAA is the acronym for the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996. A US regulation that gives patients greater access to their own medical records and more control over how their personally identifiable health information is used. The regulation also addresses the obligations of healthcare providers and health plans to protect health information.

Hospital Compare --- A quality tool for adults, including people with Medicare - www.hospitalcompare.hhs.gov

Inpatient Quality Indicators (IQI) - A method to calculate inpatient quality indicator (volume, utilization, mortality of select diagnoses, mortality of select procedures) developed by the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. The indicators are calculated from administrative and billing data.

Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) --- ISMP is a nonprofit organization that works closely with healthcare practitioners and institutions, regulatory agencies, professional organizations and the pharmaceutical industry to provide education about adverse drug events and how to prevent them.

The Joint Commission (TJC) (previously JCAHO) --- TJC is an independent, not-for-profit organization that evaluates and accredits more than 16,000 health care organizations and programs in the United States. TJC is the nation's predominant standards-setting and accrediting body in health care. TJC has developed state-of-the-art, professionally based standards and evaluated the compliance of health care organizations against these benchmarks.

Left Ventricular Systolic Function Assessment --- A procedure to check how well the heart is pumping blood to the body.

Measure --- an estimate of what is to be expected

National Average --- The average for all reporting hospitals in the United States.  Data are not available from CMS by Surgical Infection Prevention Type and Indexes.

National Quality Alliance (NQA) --- In December 2002, the American Hospital Association (AHA), Federation of American Hospitals (FAH), and Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) launched the Hospital Quality Alliance (HQA), a national public-private collaboration to encourage hospitals to voluntarily collect and report hospital quality performance information. This effort is intended to make important information about hospital performance accessible to the public and to inform and invigorate efforts to improve quality. CMS and the Joint Commission participate in the HQA, along with the AHA, the FAH, the AAMC, the American Medical Association, the American Nurses Association, the National Association of Children’s Hospitals and Related Organizations, American Association of Retired People, American Federation of Labor and Council of Industrial Organizations, the Consumer-Purchaser Disclosure Project, the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, the National Quality Forum, the Blue Cross and Blue Shield Association, the National Business Coalition on Health, General Electric, and the U.S. Chamber of Commerce.

National Quality Forum (NQF) --- The National Quality Forum is a private, not-for-profit membership organization created to develop and implement a national strategy for health care quality measurement and reporting.

Optimal Care Measures --- Summary measures combine two or more process measures or outcomes to create a picture of overall care. A summary measure is created by adding up the results of individual measures/outcomes or by setting a requirement that the individual measures/outcomes must all meet.

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) --- this procedure, often referred to as an angioplasty, is used to open blocked blood vessels that cause heart attacks

Quality Improvement Organization (QIO) --- See The Carolinas Center for Medical Excellence (CCME) 

State Average --- The average for all reporting hospitals in South Carolina.

State Benchmark --- The 90th percentile for all reporting hospitals in South Carolina. hospitals.